If your tooth has broken, is severely damaged, affected by decay that was not treated in time, or if your wisdom teeth are erupting and causing complications – your dentist may recommend extracting one or more teeth to preserve your oral health.
Preserving your natural teeth remains our priority whenever possible. Tooth extraction is recommended when there is no other alternative or when other common dental treatments have failed to save the teeth.
Although every tooth extraction is unique, there are general recommendations to ensure proper recovery.
Causes of Tooth Extraction
Cavities, poor tooth positioning, significant infection, or fracture: several causes may require tooth extraction. Each situation should be addressed promptly.
Severe decay or infection
One of the main causes of tooth extraction is dental caries. This dental pathology causes the loss of tooth substance, known as cavitation. Treatment usually involves removing the decayed tissue and restoring the lost material. In some cases, when decay is too extensive, the tooth must be extracted.
A severe periodontal infection can also lead to extraction. When gingivitis is in an advanced stage, the gum tissue resorbs. This causes an imbalance in the oral structure, which can lead to mobility or even loosening of one or more teeth. Tooth extraction may then be a possible solution to avoid further complications.
Poor tooth position or accidental fracture
Extraction is imperative if the tooth is poorly positioned. Leaving a badly implanted tooth can affect the entire dental structure! This is particularly the case with wisdom teeth in certain situations. The dentist may decide to extract the tooth to prevent possible complications.
Tooth fractures can also lead to extraction. Only the most severe cases require complete removal if repair is not possible.
How Is a Tooth Extracted?
Tooth extraction (exodontia) is performed under local anesthesia using a precise and straightforward technique. It is a simple procedure that usually causes no complications, apart from minor bleeding, postoperative pain, or in rare cases, infection – which is uncommon if professional instructions are followed.
There are three types of extractions, each following its own process:
Surgical extraction
This type of procedure requires a more complex and lengthy surgical intervention, depending on the individual case.
In such situations, it is usually necessary to lift the gum to gain access and visualize the tooth within the bone.
Sometimes, a portion of the bone around the tooth must be removed through an osteotomy to extract the tooth or its remaining parts.
Simple extraction
A simple extraction is a relatively quick and straightforward procedure in which dental instruments are used to apply pressure on the tooth to loosen it, after which it is removed with dental forceps.
Root extraction
This is performed when the crown of the tooth is damaged. A small incision on the gum is made if the crown is buried under the gum tissue, finishing with a small suture.
In general, a simple extraction is the easiest procedure, while extractions – especially wisdom tooth surgeries – are usually more complex and demanding.
Is There Severe Pain After Tooth Extraction?
It is normal to feel some pain and discomfort after extraction, but these symptoms can be managed with prescribed painkillers, and the intensity usually decreases over the following days.
However, if the pain persists or worsens to the point where you cannot sleep, and painkillers do not provide relief, you should immediately visit your clinic, as it could be a so-called dry socket infection.
How Long Does It Take for the Wound to Heal After Extraction?
In cases of acute wounds, the natural healing process takes 7 to 14 days. By day 21, the wound is completely closed.
However, discomfort generally disappears earlier – between three days and two weeks after extraction.
What Does the Recovery Process Look Like After Tooth Extraction?
Recovery after extraction usually lasts between one and two weeks, after which stitches are removed (unless absorbable sutures are used, which dissolve on their own).
It is common for the dentist to prescribe antibiotics for about seven days. On the other hand, painkillers and anti-inflammatory medications are usually no longer needed after the third to fifth day.
After about two to three weeks, the wound will be fully closed, although complete bone healing may take three to six months.
To ensure proper healing, it is essential to follow the dentist’s recommendations, which usually include the following:
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After extraction, apply firm pressure to the area by biting on gauze for about an hour. If bleeding continues after removing the gauze, repeat the procedure with a new sterile piece.
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Do not spit or rinse with mouthwash for the first 24 hours after extraction. Doing so may dislodge the blood clot and cause further bleeding in the treated area.
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During the day and 24 hours following extraction, consume only cold or room-temperature food and drinks. Stick to soft foods and avoid hard ones.
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On the night of the extraction, sleep with two pillows – in a semi-upright position.
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Do not brush your teeth on the same day as the extraction. The next day, brush gently with a soft or surgical toothbrush. Cleaning the treated area is essential for proper healing and to prevent infection.
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Apply a cold compress to the side of your face where the tooth was extracted during the first few hours after the procedure.
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For about a week, avoid eating small foods and/or those containing seeds, such as rice, semolina, or grains, as they can get stuck in the extraction socket.
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Follow the prescribed medication schedule.
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Avoid smoking and drinking alcohol.
Conclusion
With this information in mind, you now have a clearer understanding of what to do and what to avoid after the extraction of one or more teeth.
The most important thing, of course, is to follow your dentist’s advice based on your specific case, as every patient and every situation is unique.
During the first two to three weeks after extraction, it is normal to feel some discomfort at the surgical site. However, after a few days, you will start feeling better and be able to resume your normal activities.
In any case, if you experience pain, heavy bleeding, a reaction to medication, or simply have any concerns, feel free to contact us – our specialists will be happy to help.
